The Penza region has formed a powerful transport network. The biggest national railways – the Kuybyshevskaya Railway, the South Eastern Railway, and partly the Moscow Railway as well – run across the territory of the region. The length of public railway lines in use is 828 km.
They link Penza with the Centre and the South of Russia, as well as Volga regions, Ukraine, the South Ural regions, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, and Far East. There are railway stations in Penza, Kuznetsk, Serdobsk, Kamenka and other towns.
National air traffic passes over the territory of the Penza region. Penza has its own airport.
The highway network length amounts to nine thousand kilometres. The main highways are as follows: Moscow – Chelyabinsk, Volgograd – Nizhny Novgorod, Penza – Tambov. All area centres and most of the villages own an effective road communication.